Astigmatism, a common refractive error affecting the eye's shape, is a condition that many people live with. But a crucial question often arises: can an astigmatism get worse? The answer, unfortunately, is yes, but the rate and extent of worsening vary considerably depending on several factors. This comprehensive guide will delve into the nuances of astigmatism progression, explaining its causes and offering insights into management and prevention.
What Causes Astigmatism to Worsen?
Astigmatism occurs when the cornea (the eye's front surface) or the lens is irregularly shaped, preventing light from focusing correctly on the retina. This leads to blurred vision at all distances. While genetics play a significant role in the development of astigmatism, various factors can contribute to its worsening:
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Age: Astigmatism is often present from birth but can also develop or worsen during childhood and adolescence, typically stabilizing in adulthood. However, changes can still occur later in life, particularly due to age-related changes in the eye's structure.
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Eye Injuries or Surgeries: Trauma to the eye, such as a corneal injury, can alter the cornea's shape and induce or worsen astigmatism. Similarly, certain eye surgeries, while intended to correct vision, can sometimes introduce or increase astigmatism as a side effect.
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Underlying Medical Conditions: Certain medical conditions, including keratoconus (a progressive thinning of the cornea), can lead to a worsening of astigmatism.
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Eye Strain: While not a direct cause, excessive eye strain can exacerbate the symptoms of astigmatism, potentially leading to discomfort and the perception of worsening vision.
Can Astigmatism Get Worse in Adults?
Yes, astigmatism can worsen in adults, although it's less common than during childhood and adolescence. Age-related changes in the eye's structure, as mentioned earlier, can contribute to this. Moreover, any eye injuries or surgeries can induce or increase astigmatism regardless of age. Regular eye exams are crucial for detecting these changes early.
How Can I Prevent My Astigmatism From Getting Worse?
While you can't always prevent astigmatism from worsening, taking proactive steps can help minimize the risk:
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Regular Eye Exams: Regular comprehensive eye exams are vital for early detection of any changes in your astigmatism or other eye conditions. Early detection allows for timely intervention and management.
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Protection from Eye Injuries: Protecting your eyes from injuries is crucial. Wear appropriate safety eyewear when participating in sports or activities that pose a risk to your eyes.
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Managing Underlying Medical Conditions: If you have any underlying medical conditions that may affect your eyes, work closely with your doctor and ophthalmologist to manage them effectively.
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Avoiding Excessive Eye Strain: Practice good eye hygiene by taking regular breaks when engaging in tasks that require prolonged near-work, such as reading or working on a computer.
What Are the Symptoms of Worsening Astigmatism?
Symptoms of worsening astigmatism often mirror those of mild astigmatism, but they might become more pronounced. These can include:
- Blurred vision: This is the most common symptom.
- Eye strain: You might experience eye fatigue or discomfort after focusing on tasks for extended periods.
- Headaches: Blurred vision can lead to headaches, particularly after prolonged near-work.
- Squinting: You might find yourself squinting more frequently to try and improve your vision.
How Is Worsening Astigmatism Treated?
Treatment options for worsening astigmatism depend on the severity and underlying cause. Common treatment options include:
- Eyeglasses: Corrective eyeglasses are the most common treatment for astigmatism, providing clear vision correction.
- Contact Lenses: Contact lenses, especially toric contact lenses, offer precise correction for astigmatism, especially for higher degrees of astigmatism.
- Refractive Surgery: Procedures such as LASIK surgery can permanently correct astigmatism in certain cases.
In conclusion, while astigmatism can worsen throughout life, particularly during childhood and adolescence, regular eye exams and proactive measures can help manage and potentially slow its progression. If you experience any changes in your vision or increased symptoms, consult your ophthalmologist promptly for diagnosis and treatment.
