The world of tarantulas is vast and captivating, encompassing a diverse range of species with unique characteristics and behaviors. A key distinction among these fascinating arachnids lies in their geographical origins: New World and Old World tarantulas. This comprehensive guide delves into the critical differences between these two groups, exploring their physical traits, temperaments, and care requirements.
What are New World Tarantulas?
New World tarantulas hail from the Americas, encompassing North, Central, and South America. This group displays a remarkable level of diversity, boasting an array of sizes, colors, and patterns. Many are known for their striking appearances, often exhibiting vibrant hues and intricate markings.
Characteristics of New World Tarantulas:
- Urticating Hairs: This is arguably their most defining feature. New World tarantulas possess urticating hairs—tiny, barbed bristles on their abdomens—that they flick at potential threats. These hairs can cause intense irritation and itching on the skin and mucous membranes of their predators (and unfortunately, sometimes their keepers).
- Variable Temperaments: While generalizations are dangerous, many New World species are considered more defensive than their Old World counterparts. This doesn't automatically mean they are aggressive, but they are quicker to resort to defensive tactics like urticating hair launching.
- Fast Growth: Compared to Old World tarantulas, many New World species tend to grow faster and reach maturity sooner.
- Variety of Habitats: They inhabit diverse environments, from rainforests to deserts, influencing their specific care requirements.
What are Old World Tarantulas?
Old World tarantulas originate from Africa, Asia, and Oceania. They often possess a more subdued coloration compared to their New World relatives, though exceptions exist.
Characteristics of Old World Tarantulas:
- Lack of Urticating Hairs: A key difference is the absence of urticating hairs. They rely on other defense mechanisms, such as biting.
- Generally More Docile Temperaments: While individual variations occur, Old World tarantulas are generally considered more docile and less prone to defensive behaviors.
- Slower Growth: They typically grow slower and have a longer lifespan compared to New World species.
- More Terrestrial Habitats: Many Old World tarantulas are primarily terrestrial, spending less time in burrows or arboreal environments than some New World species.
What is the Difference in Temperament Between New World and Old World Tarantulas?
Are New World Tarantulas More Aggressive?
This is a common misconception. While New World tarantulas often utilize urticating hairs as a first line of defense, making them appear more "aggressive" to humans due to the irritating effect of these hairs, this doesn't necessarily equate to outright aggression. Old World tarantulas, lacking this defense, might instead resort to biting if threatened. The best approach with any tarantula is respectful handling and a deep understanding of its specific needs and behavior.
What is the Difference in Care Between New World and Old World Tarantulas?
What are the Specific Care Requirements for Each Type?
Care requirements vary considerably depending on the specific species, regardless of whether it’s Old World or New World. However, there are some general differences:
- Substrate: The type and depth of substrate will differ based on the species' burrowing habits. Some require deep substrate for burrowing, while others thrive with shallower layers.
- Humidity: New World species often require higher humidity levels than Old World species, mirroring their typically more humid native habitats.
- Temperature: Temperature requirements vary greatly depending on geographic origin.
- Feeding: Both types generally eat insects, but dietary needs may differ depending on size and species.
Which Type of Tarantula is Easier to Keep as a Pet?
There's no definitive answer to this question. The "easiest" tarantula depends entirely on the keeper's experience, the specific species chosen, and the keeper's ability to meet the individual needs of that species. Both New World and Old World tarantulas can make wonderful pets for experienced arachnid keepers. Beginners should carefully research specific species known for their beginner-friendliness before making a decision.
What are Some Examples of New World and Old World Tarantula Species?
Popular New World Species:
- Aphonopelma chalcodes (Texas Tan Tarantula)
- Grammostola rosea (Chilean Rose Tarantula)
- Ephebopus cyanognathus (Blue-legged Goliath Birdeater)
Popular Old World Species:
- Haplopelma lividum (Cobalt Blue Tarantula)
- Ceratogyrus darlingi (Baboon Tarantula)
- Poecilotheria metallica (Gooty Sapphire Ornamental Tarantula)
Remember, responsible pet ownership includes thorough research before acquiring any animal. Always prioritize the welfare of your pet and provide appropriate care based on its specific needs. This overview serves as a starting point; more in-depth research into specific species is crucial for successful tarantula keeping.
