The eruption of wisdom teeth, also known as third molars, is a common source of dental problems. Many people experience their wisdom teeth growing sideways, a condition known as impaction. But why does this happen? The answer isn't simple and involves a complex interplay of factors. This article delves into the reasons behind sideways wisdom tooth growth, exploring the contributing elements and common misconceptions.
What Causes Wisdom Teeth to Grow in at an Angle?
The primary reason wisdom teeth grow sideways or at an angle is lack of space. Our jaws haven't evolved to accommodate the late arrival of these teeth. Modern diets are often softer than those of our ancestors, leading to smaller jaw sizes. This reduced jaw space often means there's insufficient room for the wisdom teeth to erupt normally. As a result, they become impacted, growing at angles against other teeth or becoming trapped within the jawbone.
Why Aren't There Enough Teeth-Space in the Jaw?
This question often arises in relation to sideways wisdom teeth. Several factors contribute to this lack of space:
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Genetics: Jaw size is largely determined by genetics. If your parents or other family members had impacted wisdom teeth, you're more likely to experience the same. Genetic predisposition plays a significant role in the development of the jaw and the positioning of teeth.
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Dietary Changes: As mentioned, softer modern diets don't require the same strong jaw muscles and bone development needed for proper wisdom tooth eruption. Our ancestors’ diets necessitated stronger jaw development, making space for all teeth.
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Early Tooth Loss: Loss of baby teeth or permanent teeth early in life can disrupt the natural alignment and spacing of teeth, affecting the available space for wisdom teeth to erupt.
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Jaw Size and Shape: Individual variations in jaw size and shape can also influence the likelihood of impaction. A smaller jaw or an abnormally shaped jaw may not provide sufficient space for wisdom teeth.
How Common is it for Wisdom Teeth to be Impacted?
Impacted wisdom teeth are remarkably common. A significant percentage of the population experiences at least one impacted wisdom tooth. The exact prevalence varies depending on the population studied and the criteria used for defining impaction. However, it’s safe to say it’s a frequently encountered dental issue.
Can Wisdom Teeth Grow Sideways Without Causing Problems?
While many impacted wisdom teeth remain asymptomatic, meaning they cause no pain or discomfort, this doesn't mean they're problem-free. Even asymptomatic impacted wisdom teeth pose risks:
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Infection: The area around an impacted tooth can become infected, leading to pain, swelling, and potential complications.
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Cysts: Fluids can accumulate around the impacted tooth, potentially forming a cyst that damages nearby teeth and bone.
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Damage to Adjacent Teeth: The pressure from a sideways growing wisdom tooth can push against and damage neighboring teeth, leading to crowding, misalignment, and potential decay.
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Tumors (rare): In very rare instances, impacted wisdom teeth can be associated with the development of tumors.
What are the Symptoms of Impacted Wisdom Teeth?
Symptoms of impacted wisdom teeth can vary widely, ranging from none at all to severe pain and inflammation. Common symptoms include:
- Swelling: Swelling of the gums and surrounding tissues is a common indicator.
- Pain: Pain can range from mild discomfort to severe, throbbing pain.
- Redness and Inflammation: The gums around the impacted tooth may appear red, swollen, and inflamed.
- Difficulty Opening Mouth: In some cases, the impaction may make it difficult to fully open your mouth.
- Jaw Pain: Pain may radiate to the jaw or surrounding areas.
Should I Have My Impacted Wisdom Teeth Removed?
The decision to remove impacted wisdom teeth is a personal one, made in consultation with a dentist or oral surgeon. Many dentists recommend removal even if the teeth aren’t causing immediate problems to prevent future complications.
This article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of why wisdom teeth grow sideways. While genetics and jaw development are primary factors, the decision regarding removal should always be made in consultation with a qualified dental professional. Remember, early detection and proactive management are key to maintaining optimal oral health.
